Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	826
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	71.1 KiB
Average record size in memory	88.2 B

Variable types

Numeric	10
Categorical	2

Alerts

`Urea` is highly correlated with `Cr`	High correlation
`Cr` is highly correlated with `Urea`	High correlation
`HbA1c` is highly correlated with `AGE` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`TG` is highly correlated with `VLDL`	High correlation
`VLDL` is highly correlated with `TG` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`BMI` is highly correlated with `AGE` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`CLASS` is highly correlated with `AGE` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`AGE` is highly correlated with `HbA1c` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`Chol` is highly correlated with `LDL`	High correlation
`LDL` is highly correlated with `Chol`	High correlation

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-10-11 05:59:28.051922
Analysis finished	2022-10-11 06:00:49.930697
Duration	1 minute and 21.88 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.3.0
Download configuration	config.json

AGE
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	50
Distinct (%)	6.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	53.49031477

Minimum	20
Maximum	79
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	20
5-th percentile	33.25
Q1	51
median	55
Q3	59
95-th percentile	65.75
Maximum	79
Range	59
Interquartile range (IQR)	8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.808427268
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1646733115
Kurtosis	1.446224746
Mean	53.49031477
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4
Skewness	-0.811071565
Sum	44183
Variance	77.58839093
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
55	145	17.6%
60	76	9.2%
54	70	8.5%
51	42	5.1%
61	42	5.1%
56	37	4.5%
52	36	4.4%
50	34	4.1%
59	27	3.3%
57	25	3.0%
Other values (40)	292	35.4%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	0.1%
25	1	0.1%
26	2	0.2%
28	3	0.4%
30	15	1.8%
31	7	0.8%
32	1	0.1%
33	12	1.5%
34	4	0.5%
35	10	1.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
79	1	0.1%
77	3	0.4%
76	4	0.5%
75	2	0.2%
73	5	0.6%
71	1	0.1%
70	2	0.2%
69	5	0.6%
68	7	0.8%
67	5	0.6%

Urea
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	110
Distinct (%)	13.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.184676755

Minimum	0.5
Maximum	38.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.5
5-th percentile	2.3
Q1	3.615
median	4.6
Q3	5.7
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	38.9
Range	38.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	2.085

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.077831319
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5936399633
Kurtosis	29.19738507
Mean	5.184676755
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.08
Skewness	4.258575864
Sum	4282.543
Variance	9.473045628
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	30	3.6%
4.3	27	3.3%
4	27	3.3%
4.1	26	3.1%
3	23	2.8%
4.8	23	2.8%
4.7	22	2.7%
3.8	21	2.5%
4.5	21	2.5%
4.6	21	2.5%
Other values (100)	585	70.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.5	1	0.1%
1.1	1	0.1%
1.2	1	0.1%
1.8	2	0.2%
1.9	1	0.1%
2	16	1.9%
2.1	13	1.6%
2.2	5	0.6%
2.3	7	0.8%
2.4	4	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
38.9	1	0.1%
26.4	1	0.1%
24	3	0.4%
22	2	0.2%
20.8	3	0.4%
20	1	0.1%
17.1	1	0.1%
14.9	1	0.1%
14.5	2	0.2%
14.1	1	0.1%

Cr
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	113
Distinct (%)	13.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	69.02421308

Minimum	6
Maximum	800
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	6
5-th percentile	33
Q1	48
median	59
Q3	73
95-th percentile	112.75
Maximum	800
Range	794
Interquartile range (IQR)	25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	59.55710797
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8628437083
Kurtosis	87.03510647
Mean	69.02421308
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	8.148519109
Sum	57014
Variance	3547.04911
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
56	36	4.4%
55	27	3.3%
70	23	2.8%
72	22	2.7%
53	22	2.7%
62	21	2.5%
48	21	2.5%
59	20	2.4%
61	19	2.3%
49	19	2.3%
Other values (103)	596	72.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	1	0.1%
20	2	0.2%
22	2	0.2%
23	3	0.4%
24	2	0.2%
25	1	0.1%
26	1	0.1%
27	2	0.2%
28	4	0.5%
29	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
800	3	0.4%
401	3	0.4%
370	2	0.2%
344	1	0.1%
327	1	0.1%
315	1	0.1%
243	1	0.1%
230	1	0.1%
228	1	0.1%
203	1	0.1%

HbA1c
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	111
Distinct (%)	13.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	8.326343826

Minimum	0.9
Maximum	16
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.9
5-th percentile	4.1
Q1	6.5
median	8.1
Q3	10.2
95-th percentile	12.575
Maximum	16
Range	15.1
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.602589004
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3125728482
Kurtosis	-0.3397004534
Mean	8.326343826
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.9
Skewness	0.1825979019
Sum	6877.56
Variance	6.773469525
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	30	3.6%
8	29	3.5%
9	27	3.3%
7	23	2.8%
6.8	22	2.7%
5	20	2.4%
10.2	19	2.3%
6	17	2.1%
8.5	16	1.9%
7.7	16	1.9%
Other values (101)	607	73.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.9	3	0.4%
2	1	0.1%
3	1	0.1%
3.7	4	0.5%
4	30	3.6%
4.1	7	0.8%
4.2	5	0.6%
4.3	9	1.1%
4.5	5	0.6%
4.6	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
16	1	0.1%
15.9	1	0.1%
15	2	0.2%
14.8	1	0.1%
14.7	3	0.4%
14.6	2	0.2%
14.5	2	0.2%
14.4	1	0.1%
14.1	1	0.1%
13.9	2	0.2%

Chol
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	77
Distinct (%)	9.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	4.898208232

Minimum	0
Maximum	10.3
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	3
Q1	4
median	4.8
Q3	5.6
95-th percentile	7.2
Maximum	10.3
Range	10.3
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.328811612
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2712852433
Kurtosis	1.69611274
Mean	4.898208232
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.8
Skewness	0.575506994
Sum	4045.92
Variance	1.765740301
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.4	34	4.1%
4.9	34	4.1%
4.8	32	3.9%
5.3	32	3.9%
4	30	3.6%
4.2	30	3.6%
5.2	29	3.5%
4.1	28	3.4%
4.6	25	3.0%
3.6	24	2.9%
Other values (67)	528	63.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.1%
0.5	1	0.1%
0.6	1	0.1%
1.2	1	0.1%
2	5	0.6%
2.1	2	0.2%
2.3	3	0.4%
2.4	4	0.5%
2.5	4	0.5%
2.6	4	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10.3	1	0.1%
9.9	1	0.1%
9.8	2	0.2%
9.7	2	0.2%
9.5	2	0.2%
9.3	1	0.1%
9.2	1	0.1%
9.1	1	0.1%
8.8	2	0.2%
8.6	1	0.1%

TG
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	69
Distinct (%)	8.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.39937046

Minimum	0.3
Maximum	13.8
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.3
5-th percentile	0.8
Q1	1.5
median	2.015
Q3	3
95-th percentile	5.1
Maximum	13.8
Range	13.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.456849516
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6071799
Kurtosis	10.14366515
Mean	2.39937046
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.715
Skewness	2.294614502
Sum	1981.88
Variance	2.122410512
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.1	46	5.6%
2	45	5.4%
1.3	39	4.7%
1.5	36	4.4%
1.7	35	4.2%
1.9	33	4.0%
2.2	31	3.8%
1.8	30	3.6%
1.6	30	3.6%
1.2	30	3.6%
Other values (59)	471	57.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3	2	0.2%
0.5	1	0.1%
0.6	12	1.5%
0.7	22	2.7%
0.8	16	1.9%
0.9	12	1.5%
1	22	2.7%
1.1	25	3.0%
1.19	2	0.2%
1.2	30	3.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13.8	1	0.1%
12.7	1	0.1%
11.6	1	0.1%
8.7	1	0.1%
8.5	1	0.1%
7.7	2	0.2%
7.2	2	0.2%
7	3	0.4%
6.8	2	0.2%
6.7	2	0.2%

HDL
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	48
Distinct (%)	5.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.211803874

Minimum	0.2
Maximum	9.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.2
5-th percentile	0.7
Q1	0.9
median	1.1
Q3	1.3
95-th percentile	1.9
Maximum	9.9
Range	9.7
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.6796098812
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5608249781
Kurtosis	62.70008671
Mean	1.211803874
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2
Skewness	6.29831597
Sum	1000.95
Variance	0.4618695906
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=48)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.9	120	14.5%
1.1	113	13.7%
1	105	12.7%
0.8	70	8.5%
1.3	65	7.9%
1.2	60	7.3%
0.7	47	5.7%
1.4	46	5.6%
1.6	35	4.2%
1.8	28	3.4%
Other values (38)	137	16.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2	1	0.1%
0.4	7	0.8%
0.5	6	0.7%
0.6	20	2.4%
0.7	47	5.7%
0.75	2	0.2%
0.8	70	8.5%
0.9	120	14.5%
0.95	1	0.1%
1	105	12.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.9	1	0.1%
9	1	0.1%
6.6	1	0.1%
6.3	1	0.1%
5	1	0.1%
4	1	0.1%
3.9	1	0.1%
3.8	1	0.1%
3.6	2	0.2%
3.4	1	0.1%

LDL
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	65
Distinct (%)	7.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.590060533

Minimum	0.3
Maximum	9.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.3
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1.7
median	2.5
Q3	3.3
95-th percentile	4.3
Maximum	9.9
Range	9.6
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.132863199
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4373886958
Kurtosis	3.023358049
Mean	2.590060533
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.8
Skewness	1.005128643
Sum	2139.39
Variance	1.283379027
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.5	49	5.9%
2	43	5.2%
1.7	35	4.2%
3	33	4.0%
1.4	32	3.9%
3.6	32	3.9%
2.6	31	3.8%
3.1	28	3.4%
1.3	27	3.3%
2.1	25	3.0%
Other values (55)	491	59.4%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3	1	0.1%
0.5	2	0.2%
0.6	3	0.4%
0.7	2	0.2%
0.75	3	0.4%
0.8	6	0.7%
0.9	19	2.3%
0.95	4	0.5%
0.96	1	0.1%
1	9	1.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.9	1	0.1%
7.9	2	0.2%
7.5	1	0.1%
7	1	0.1%
6.4	1	0.1%
5.9	1	0.1%
5.6	3	0.4%
5.5	3	0.4%
5.3	1	0.1%
5.1	1	0.1%

VLDL
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	60
Distinct (%)	7.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.774576271

Minimum	0.1
Maximum	35
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.1
5-th percentile	0.4
Q1	0.7
median	1
Q3	1.5
95-th percentile	4.775
Maximum	35
Range	34.9
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.517930883
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.982406133
Kurtosis	40.18481999
Mean	1.774576271
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.4
Skewness	5.89318668
Sum	1465.8
Variance	12.3758377
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.9	86	10.4%
0.7	74	9.0%
1	65	7.9%
0.8	65	7.9%
0.6	60	7.3%
1.5	59	7.1%
1.1	49	5.9%
0.5	43	5.2%
1.3	37	4.5%
2	35	4.2%
Other values (50)	253	30.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1	2	0.2%
0.2	5	0.6%
0.3	23	2.8%
0.4	32	3.9%
0.5	43	5.2%
0.6	60	7.3%
0.7	74	9.0%
0.8	65	7.9%
0.9	86	10.4%
1	65	7.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
35	1	0.1%
33.6	1	0.1%
31.8	1	0.1%
31	1	0.1%
27.2	1	0.1%
24.5	1	0.1%
22.7	1	0.1%
22.2	1	0.1%
19.5	1	0.1%
18.1	1	0.1%

BMI
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	64
Distinct (%)	7.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	29.45927361

Minimum	19
Maximum	47.75
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	19
5-th percentile	21
Q1	26
median	30
Q3	33
95-th percentile	38
Maximum	47.75
Range	28.75
Interquartile range (IQR)	7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.996675763
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1696129996
Kurtosis	-0.425355565
Mean	29.45927361
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	0.08120902248
Sum	24333.36
Variance	24.96676868
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30	91	11.0%
33	85	10.3%
29	57	6.9%
24	52	6.3%
26	50	6.1%
31	46	5.6%
28	42	5.1%
27	41	5.0%
32	40	4.8%
21	35	4.2%
Other values (54)	287	34.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
19	6	0.7%
19.5	1	0.1%
20	10	1.2%
21	35	4.2%
21.17	1	0.1%
22	29	3.5%
22.5	1	0.1%
23	32	3.9%
23.5	1	0.1%
24	52	6.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
47.75	1	0.1%
47	1	0.1%
43.25	1	0.1%
40.5	1	0.1%
40	1	0.1%
39.18	1	0.1%
39	18	2.2%
38.62	1	0.1%
38	21	2.5%
37.62	1	0.1%

Gender
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

1	463
0	363

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	826
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	1
3rd row	1
4th row	0
5th row	0

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	463	56.1%
0	363	43.9%

CLASS
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.6 KiB

2	690
0	96
1	40

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	826
Distinct characters	3
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	0
5th row	0

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	826	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	690	83.5%
0	96	11.6%
1	40	4.8%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	AGE	Urea	Cr	HbA1c	Chol	TG	HDL	LDL	VLDL	BMI	Gender
0	50	4.7	46	4.9	4.2	0.9	2.4	1.4	0.5	24.0	0
1	26	4.5	62	4.9	3.7	1.4	1.1	2.1	0.6	23.0	1
2	33	7.1	46	4.9	4.9	1.0	0.8	2.0	0.4	21.0	1
3	45	2.3	24	4.0	2.9	1.0	1.0	1.5	0.4	21.0	0
4	50	2.0	50	4.0	3.6	1.3	0.9	2.1	0.6	24.0	0
5	48	4.7	47	4.0	2.9	0.8	0.9	1.6	0.4	24.0	1
6	43	2.6	67	4.0	3.8	0.9	2.4	3.7	1.0	21.0	1
7	32	3.6	28	4.0	3.8	2.0	2.4	3.8	1.0	24.0	0
8	31	4.4	55	4.2	3.6	0.7	1.7	1.6	0.3	23.0	0
9	33	3.3	53	4.0	4.0	1.1	0.9	2.7	1.0	21.0	0

Last rows

	AGE	Urea	Cr	HbA1c	Chol	TG	HDL	LDL	VLDL	BMI	Gender	CLASS
816	75	10.3	113	8.6	4.2	1.6	0.9	2.6	0.7	32.0	0	2
817	58	4.0	55	7.9	4.9	2.0	1.2	1.4	1.1	35.0	1	2
818	55	5.4	62	6.8	5.3	2.0	1.0	3.5	0.9	30.1	1	2
819	55	4.8	88	11.1	5.7	4.0	0.9	3.3	1.8	30.0	1	2
820	62	6.3	82	6.7	5.3	2.0	1.0	3.5	0.9	30.1	1	2
821	57	4.1	70	9.3	5.3	3.3	1.0	1.4	1.3	29.0	0	2
822	55	3.1	39	8.5	5.0	2.5	1.9	2.9	0.7	27.0	1	2
823	28	3.5	61	8.5	4.5	1.9	1.1	2.6	0.8	37.0	1	2
824	69	10.3	185	7.7	4.9	1.9	1.2	3.0	0.7	37.0	1	2
825	71	11.0	97	7.0	7.5	1.7	1.2	1.8	0.6	30.0	1	2

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Cramér's V (φc)

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows